Kwiingcali ezininzi, ukuxhasa usapho olwandisiweyo yinxalenye yobomi obumiliselwe ngokunzulu kwaye obungaxoxisaniyo. Idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-colloquially eMzantsi Afrika njenge “Black Tax”, oku kuzibophelela kweze mali yimbonakaliso enamandla yothando, umsebenzi, kunye nentlonipho yenkcubeko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhamba ngezi zibophelelo ngaphandle kokuncama uzinzo lwakho lwezemali – kwaye ngokubaluleke kakhulu, ikamva losapho lwakho olusondeleyo – lungquzulwano oluchaphazela amakhaya amaninzi.
Isisombululo asikho ekumiseni inkxaso, kodwa kwisicwangciso sobuchule, imida enempilo, kunye neengcebiso zobungcali.
Isitshixo kwisakhono sakho sokubonelela ngenkxaso eqhubekayo kukumisela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olusisigxina, oluzinzileyo kunye nokunxibelelana ngokucacileyo nangentlonipho. Oku kuguqula isibophelelo esivulelekileyo sibe sisibophelelo esilawulekayo senyanga.
Nazi izikhokelo ezisebenzayo ezintlanu:
1. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olunomda engqondweni
Bandakanya imali yakho yokonga kunye neendleko ezibalulekileyo, ezifana ne-inshurensi kunye neminikelo yomhlala phantsi, kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho kuqala. Kuphela kungelo xesha, kwabelwa isixa esimiselweyo, esiyinyaniso senkxaso yosapho eyandisiweyo. Olu buninzi bungenakuxoxisana lusebenza njengomda wakho wemali.
2. Ukwahlula phakathi kweemfuno kunye neemfuno
Sebenza nosapho lwakho ukuchonga inkxaso ebalulekileyo efana neminikelo yeskimu sezonyango kunye neefizi zemfundo ngokuchasene ne-“want” engabalulekanga. Gxininisa igalelo lakho kwiimfuno, ukwandisa impembelelo kunye nokulawula iindleko.
3. Nxibelelana ngobubele nangokucacileyo
Yiba nencoko enovelwano kodwa eqinileyo malunga nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olutsha. Cacisa ukuba lo mda uyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba unokubonelela ngenkxaso yexesha elide, ezinzileyo, kunokuba uncedo lwexesha elifutshane kuphela.
4. Khuthaza ukuzimela (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-“exit strategy”)
Endaweni yokunika imali kuphela, utyalo-mali kubuchule obuphezulu okanye kumashishini amancinci kumalungu osapho awandisiweyo anokusebenza. Injongo kufuneka ibe kukubaxhobisa ukunciphisa ukuthembela kwabo kuwe ngokuhamba kwexesha.
5. Misela iakhawunti ezinikeleyo
Sebenzisa i-akhawunti yebhanki eyahlukileyo okanye isixhobo sohlahlo lwabiwo-mali ngokukodwa kwinkxaso yosapho. Oku kubonelela ngokukhawuleza, ukubonakala okucacileyo malunga nokuba ube negalelo elingakanani kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba awuchithi imali ngokugqithisileyo ngempazamo kwii akhawunti zakho eziphambili.
Phelisa umjikelo
Uthando lokwenyani lwemali kukubona kwangaphambili. Ngokufumana ikamva lakho lezemali, unikezela ngesenzo sokugqibela sokhathalelo, uqinisekisa ukuba awubi ngumthwalo kubantwana osebenza nzima ukubakhusela.
Impumelelo ithanda okugxininisiweyo, kwaye eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokukhusela abantwana bakho kukukhusela isicwangciso sakho somhlalaphantsi. Ukungaphumeleli ukugcina ngokwaneleyo iminyaka yakho yegolide kuthetha ukuba usengozini yokuba ngumthwalo kwisizukulwana esilandelayo, uqhubeka nomjikelo we-“Black Tax”.
Isicwangciso somhlalaphantsi esisebenzayo – ukwandisa iminikelo kwi-annuity yomhlalaphantsi, ipenshini, okanye i-provident funds – linyathelo elingaxoxisiyo. Xa uzimele ngokwezimali kumhlalaphantsi, abantwana bakho bakhululekile ukuba bagxile kwiintsapho zabo kunye neenjongo zabo, ngaloo ndlela besaphula umjikelo onokubakho wezizukulwana zoxinzelelo lwezemali.
Ukhuseleko losapho oluqinisekisiweyo
Ngelixa usaphila, inkxaso yemali ngumngeni weemvakalelo kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Emva kokuba umkile, iba yinto esemthethweni. Kulapho isandi esisemthethweni siya – kwaye sinokuba yi-trust –sisebenza njengomda wokugqibela, ongaxoxiswana ngawo.
Umyolelo uchaza ngokucacileyo ukuba ngubani ofumana ilifa le-asethi yakho – iqabane lakho nabantwana bakho – ebakhusela kuxinzelelo olunokubakho okanye amabango angalindelekanga kusapho lwakho olwandisiweyo emva kokusweleka kwakho.
I-trust inokubiyela i-asethi kubantwana bakho abancinci, iqinisekisa ukuba ilifa labo lilawulwa ngokweminqweno yakho, nokuba kulindelwe ntoni kusapho olwandisiweyo. Esi sikhokelo somthetho kuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwemali yosapho lwakho olusondeleyo.
Fumana iingcebiso zobungcali
Ukujonga ezi zigaba ezintsonkothileyo zeemvakalelo kufuna ngaphezulu kwe-spreadsheets; ifuna iqabane elithembekileyo. Umcebisi wezezimali sisikhokelo esibalulekileyo esiya kunceda ukuququzelela iingxoxo ezinzima malunga nemida, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye nokukhuselwa komthetho.
Azikho kuphela ukutyala imali yakho; bayinjongo yobuchwephesha abanokubonisa iimeko ezahlukeneyo ukukubonisa impembelelo ebonakalayo, yexesha elide yamanqanaba ahlukeneyo enkxaso yosapho ngomhla wakho womhlalaphantsi. Ukongeza, baya kukunceda ukuba uqinisekise ukuba izicwangciso zakho zomhlalaphantsi kunye nezindlu zilungile kwaye zikhuselwe ngokusemthethweni ngelixa kwangaxeshanye zibonelela ngelizwi elinenjongo yokunceda ukuseta kunye nokunxibelelana nemida ngaphandle kokutyiwa lityala okanye uxinzelelo oluvela kusapho olwandisiweyo.
Ngokudibanisa unxibelelwano olunovelwano kunye nocwangciso olubambekayo lwezemali nomthetho, kuyenzeka ukuba uhloniphe izibophelelo zosapho lwakho ngelixa ukhusela ikamva lezemali losapho lwakho olusondeleyo. Ifomula eyimfihlo kukutshintsha ubutyala ngokuxhotyiswa kunye nesicwangciso esicacileyo, esinokusetyenzwa.
UCebile Zibi yintloko yeNtengiso yoRhwebo kwiNgcebiso yeMomentum.
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